EVALUATING ADOPTION OF MULCHING IN THE SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF MOZAMBIQUE
Abstract
In semi-arid regions, low levels of annual rainfall and its erratic distribution increases farmers’ vulnerability to crop failure and food insecurity. This study analyzed the process of adoption of mulching by smallholder farmers in the Massinga District. The practice of mulching was disseminated during 2007 and 2009 by the district public extension network to increase crop productivity. Data were collected in October and December of 2009, using a combination of literature reviews, observations and surveys with a randomly selected sample of 121 farmers. The results indicated an extension approach directed at training and provision of agricultural inputs. Farmers were knowledgeable about the characteristics of mulching. However, their knowledge of correct application of mulching was insufficient. About 53% of farmers did not follow the recommendation of 30% residues before planting. The rate of adoption increased from 30% to 90% during 2007 and 2009. Nevertheless, the adoption was limited to production of vegetables in demonstration plots between 500 and 1000 m2 in the lowlands. Few farmers used mulching to grow basic food crops such as: maize, cowpea and groundnuts. These food crops are usually produced in the highlands, where the lands are most vulnerable to drought. Extension services should consider expanding the practice of mulching to the highlands. There was a positive association (p< 0, 05) between application of mulching and farmers’ perception of food availability in the household.
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